Troubleshooting and Techniques
Even with a sharp, properly adjusted plane, things sometimes go awry. Here are some suggestions for solving the most common issues, as well as for looking after your plane properly so it performs well for years to come.
Why are shavings jamming?
Shavings may jam if the blade is set too aggressively, so simply retract the blade.
How can I make it easier to plane end grain?
One strategy is to moisten the surface with alcohol or mineral spirits. This softens the fibers, making them easier to cut. Another tactic is to skew the plane, which has the effect of reducing the cutting angle.
Planing a dovetail joint.
I’m getting splintering on the far side of an end-grain cut. How do I prevent this?
In addition to dampening the surface and skewing the plane, try using a sacrificial backer block to provide support to the wood at the end of the cut.
Using a backer piece to prevent splintering.
Why am I getting tear-out on face grain, and how can I prevent it?
Tear-out results when the plane blade lifts the wood fibers before cutting them; this typically occurs in areas of reversing grain. Tear-out prevention starts with a sharp blade. The second tactic is to take a lighter cut. Sometimes a higher bevel angle is helpful. All this assumes you’re planing in the prevailing direction of the grain. Experimentation and experience are the best teachers.
Why are there lines on the wood when I plane?
The sharp corners of the blade are the most common cause of track marks. If the blade is properly shaped and set for a light cut, making a lateral adjustment will solve the issue.
If this doesn’t work, you’ll need to go back and round the blade corners more.
What ongoing maintenance should I perform?
Apart from sharpening the blade, rust prevention is the biggest maintenance issue. Avoid planing wet wood, especially woods with a high tannin content (e.g., oak).
After a working session, take out the blade and use a soft brush to remove lingering shavings and dust. Periodically apply a silicone-free wax to the body to seal out moisture. Boeshield T-9 and Veritas Tool Wax both work well. Every so often, strip the plane down completely to give it a thorough cleaning and lubricate the moving parts.
If there is a risk of the tool jostling about in a toolbox, storing it in a plane sack or wrapping it in an old towel provides some protection.
Removing shavings with a brush.